The Gap Between Language and Reality9 September 2025 · 12 minsLLM-Limitations Hallucination Syntax-Semantics Tokenization Legal-Reasoning CodingLLMs learned language without ever encountering what language refers to. That gap between syntax and semantics explains why they fabricate citations, can't count letters, yet write flawless code.
The Fundamental Limits12 November 2024 · 10 minsHallucinations Indeterminacy Grounding RAG Citation-Verification Knowledge-GraphsWhy hallucination is an architectural feature of LLMs, not a bug — and what that means for legal AI